5. A molecule is the smallest particle of ANY substance that maintains the specific property of that substance. If you divide molecules into parts you lose those properties.When you chop a piece of marble into small marble tiles, the smaller pieces are still marble. Take any piece and test it; it will react to chemical tests the way a larger piece reacts. But this is NOT true of molecules. Any piece of a molecule will not respond the way the larger molecule reacts.
(Of course, if all you are doing is chopping off a piece of a very long molecule with thousands of atoms, you might not be able to tell much difference!)
6. Molecules are always in motion. Every molecule has its own "signature" vibration.If a molecule has more than one atom, they are connected (e.g. 2 H) with a force like a spring-like pendulum and we can assign some frequency to it characteristic of a given temperature. The two atoms now act as an oscillator, in an ideal model, an harmonic oscillator.
The bonds that connect atoms in a molecule are like springs. As a result, molecules vibrate. The "sound" of the vibrations can give away the structure of the molecule.
7. The molecular world is sticky.
Everything in the molecular world sticks to each other.
Even when molecules are not bonded together, or linked by light bonds, they are attracted to each other. Imagine a room filled with styrofoam. You walk through it and are quickly coated with small white balls. In the same way molecules are easily coated with each other.
8. Molecules are constantly being bounced around.Unless you are thinking about a crowded urban street, usually our interactions are not as frequent! As the temperature rises, the bouncing increases.
9. Finally, molecules eventually break up when they are heated too much.Molecules able to take heat are interesting and much sought after by scientists. See Hot and Cold Enzymes for the exceptions.
Molecular charges
